Diagnostics and testing of electronic controls (Defender 2007+)

Inspection and verification

1. Check the customer complaint.

2. Visually inspect for obvious mechanical and electrical problems.

Visual inspection

Mechanical elements	Electrical equipment
• Engine oil level • Coolant level • Fuel level/pollution • Fuel leaks • Fuel injection pump • Air intake system • Drive belt • Mounting/sensor condition • Engine cooling system fan	• Fuses • Fuse P110 • Fuse 41, engine compartment electrical distribution box • Wiring harness • Electrical plug(s) • Nozzles • Glow plugs • Sensor power supply 5V • Sensor(s) • Engine Control Module (ECM)

3. If an obvious cause for the problem you identified or the customer described is found, resolve it before proceeding with further actions (if possible).

The text of the article was taken from the website LRman.ru

4. Before referring to the symptom chart or diagnostic trouble code (DTC) index, read all DTCs with a validated diagnostic system or scan tool.

• Clear all DTCs after troubleshooting.

Table of signs of malfunction

Sign	Possible reasons	Operation
The engine crankshaft does not turn	Starter Relay Output Circuit High Resistance Starter relay output circuit: short circuit to +battery Starter failure Ignition switch malfunction CAN bus failure (Control Area Network)	Check the starter relay and electrical circuits. Refer to electrical manuals. Check the ignition switch operation. Check for diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) indicating a CAN network malfunction.
The crankshaft turns but the engine does not start	Inertial Fuel Shutoff Sensor (IFS) Engine Control Module (ECM) Relay Malfunction Low fuel level/contamination Air leak Malfunction in the low pressure fuel system Clogged fuel filter Suction control valve malfunction High pressure fuel pump malfunction Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP)	Check if the inertia switch is activated. Check the ECM main relay and circuits. Refer to the electrical manual. Check the fuel level and condition. Drain approximately 1 liter of fuel and let it sit for 1 minute. Make sure there is no separation indicating the presence of water or other liquid in the fuel. Check the air intake system for leaks. Check the low-pressure fuel system for leaks/damage. Check the fuel filter, check for DTCs indicating a faulty injection pump. Check the high-pressure fuel pump: For additional information, refer to: Fuel Pump (303-04A Fuel Supply and Controls - ID4 2.4L Diesel Engine, Removal and Installation). Check the CKP sensor circuits. Refer to the electrical manuals. Install a new crankshaft position (CKP) sensor if necessary. For more information, refer to: Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor (303-14 Electronic controls - Diesel engine ID4 2.4L, Removal and installation).
Difficult start	Malfunction of the glow plug system (very low temperature conditions) Low fuel level/contamination Air leak Malfunction in the low pressure fuel system Clogged fuel filter Suction control valve malfunction Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve Malfunction	NOTE: Ensure that the latest version of the EGR throttle inlet valve is installed. Using the manufacturer approved diagnostic system, check and install the latest software version on the ECM. Check the electrical circuits of the preheating candles. Refer to the electrical equipment manuals. Check the fuel level/ condition. Drain approximately 1 liter of fuel and let it sit for 1 minute. Make sure that there is no separation indicating the presence of water or other liquid in the fuel. Check the air intake system for leaks. Check the low-pressure fuel system for leaks/ damage. Check the fuel filter, check for DTC codes indicating a fuel pump malfunction. EGR Valve Inspections: For more information, refer to: Reducing Exhaust toxicity (303-08 Emission Control - ID4 2.4L Diesel Engine, Diagnostics and Tests).
Rough idle operation	Air intake system malfunction Low fuel level/contamination Malfunction in the low pressure fuel system Clogged fuel filter Suction control valve malfunction Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve Malfunction	NOTE: Ensure that the latest version of the EGR throttle inlet valve is installed. Using the manufacturer approved diagnostic system, check and install the latest software version on the ECM. Check the air intake system for leaks. Check the fuel level/condition. Drain approximately 1 liter of fuel and let it sit for 1 minute. Check that there is no separation indicating the presence of water or other liquid in the fuel. Check the low-pressure fuel system for leaks/damage. Check the fuel filter, check for DTCs indicating a faulty injection pump. EGR valve checks: For more information, refer to: Emission Control (303-08 Emission Control - ID4 2.4L Diesel Engine, Diagnostics and Tests).
Lack of power when accelerating	Air intake system malfunction Clogged exhaust system Low fuel pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve Malfunction Turbocharger actuator failure	NOTE: Ensure that the latest version of the EGR throttle inlet valve is installed. Using the manufacturer approved diagnostic system, check and install the latest software version on the ECM. Check the air intake system for leaks or blockages. Check the exhaust system for blockages/obstructions, install new components if necessary. For more information, refer to: Catalytic Converter (309-00 Exhaust system - Diesel engine ID4 2.4L, Removal and installation). Check for diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) indicating incorrect fuel pressure. For EGR valve tests: For more information, refer to: Emission Control (303-08 Emission Control - ID4 2.4L Diesel Engine, Diagnostics and Tests). check if the variable geometry turbocharger actuator lever moves. For more information, refer to: Turbocharger actuator rod (303-04B Fuel Delivery and Controls - Turbocharger - ID4 2.4L Diesel Engine, Removal and Installation). For turbocharger drive checks: For more information, refer to: Turbocharger (303-04B Fuel Supply and Controls - Turbocharger - Diesel Engine ID4 2.4L, Removal and Installation).
Engine stops/stalls	Air leak Low fuel level/contamination Malfunction in the low pressure fuel system High pressure fuel leak Suction control valve malfunction Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve Malfunction	NOTE: Ensure that the latest version of the EGR throttle inlet valve is installed. Using the manufacturer approved diagnostic system, check and install the latest software version on the ECM. Check the air intake system for leaks. Check the fuel level/condition. Drain approximately 1 liter of fuel and let it sit for 1 minute. Check for separation indicating water or other liquid in the fuel. Check the fuel system for leaks/damage. Check for DTCs indicating a faulty injection pump. EGR valve checks: For more information, refer to: Emission Control (303-08 Emission Control - ID4 2.4L Diesel Engine, Diagnostics and Tests).
Engine vibration	Low fuel level/contamination Air intake Malfunction in the low pressure fuel system Suction control valve malfunction High pressure fuel leak High pressure fuel pump malfunction	Check fuel level/condition. Drain approximately 1 liter of fuel and let it sit for 1 minute. Check that there is no separation indicating the presence of water or other liquid in the fuel. Check the air intake system for leaks. Check the low-pressure fuel system for leaks/damage. Check the high-pressure fuel system for leaks, check for DTCs indicating a faulty injection pump. Check the high-pressure fuel pump: For more information, refer to: Fuel Pump (303-04A Fuel Supply and Controls - ID4 2.4L Diesel Engine, Removal and Installation).
Excessive fuel consumption	# Malfunction in the low pressure fuel system Suction control valve malfunction Fuel temperature sensor leak High pressure fuel leak Injector(s) malfunction Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve Malfunction	NOTE: Ensure that the latest version of the EGR throttle inlet valve is installed. Using the manufacturer approved diagnostic system, check and install the latest software version on the ECM. Check the low pressure fuel system for leaks/damage. Check for DTCs indicating a faulty injection pump. Check the fuel temperature sensor, high pressure fuel pump, etc. for leaks. Check for DTCs related to the injectors. EGR valve checks: For more information, refer to: Emission Control (303-08 Emission Control - ID4 2.4L Diesel Engine, Diagnostics and Tests).

For a complete list of diagnostic trouble codes that may be stored in the vehicle, see Section 100-00. For additional information, refer to: How to Use This Manual (100-00 General information, Description and operating principle).