Diagnostics and testing 4.4L (Discovery 3)

Inspection and verification

1. Ensure that the customer's complaint is justified.

2. Visually inspect for obvious mechanical and electrical problems.

Mechanical factors	Electrical factors
Adjusting the gear selector lever cable(cars with automatic transmission) Starter Engine (rotates freely)	Battery Fuses Central electrical distribution box and battery electrical distribution box Enlarged fuses Wiring harness(es) Damaged, loose or corroded electrical connectors Ignition switch Starter relay Transmission Control Module (TCM) Engine Control Module (ECM)

3. If an obvious cause for the problem you identified or the customer described is found, resolve it before moving on to further action. (if possible).

4. Use the approved diagnostic system or scan tool to retrieve all diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) before referring to the symptom chart or DTC index.

Clear all DTCs after troubleshooting.

Table of signs of malfunction

Sign of malfunction	Possible reasons	Actions
The engine does not turn over (the starter does not turn)	Gear selector lever not in position P or N (cars with automatic transmission) Battery Starter relay Invalid key code received by central junction box (CJB) Wiring harness/electrical connectors Starter Ignition switch Generator Transmission Control Module (TCM) Engine Control Module (ECM) Engine seizure	Make sure the gear selector is in P or N and adjusted correctly. Check the battery condition and charge. Check for diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) indicating a malfunction of the immobilizer. Check the electrical circuits of the starter relay, ignition switch, and generator. Refer to the electrical manual. Check for DTCs for the TCM and ECM. Check if the engine cranks freely.
The engine does not turn over (the starter is spinning)	Installing the starter Starter Flywheel/faceplate ring gear	Check the starter installation (tightening of fastening elements, correct positioning of the starter relative to the engine, etc.). Check the flywheel/faceplate ring gear for damage, foreign objects, etc.
The engine turns over too slowly	Battery Wiring harness/electrical connectors Starter Brand of oil	Check the battery condition and charge. Check the starter electrical circuits. Refer to the electrical equipment manual. Check the brand and condition of the engine oil.
The engine is turning over too fast	Low compression in the engine	Check the compression in the cylinders.
Increased starter noise	Starter Flywheel/faceplate ring gear Starter installation/starter housing	Check the starter installation (tightening of fastening elements, correct positioning of the starter relative to the engine, etc.). Check the condition of the starter housing. Check the flywheel/faceplate ring gear for damage, foreign objects, etc.

DTC Index

NOTE: Generic scan tools cannot read the codes listed or can only read 5-digit codes. Match the 5 digits from the scan tool with the first 5 digits of the listed 7-digit code to identify the fault. (the last 2 digits provide additional information readable by a manufacturer approved diagnostic system).

NOTE: For a complete listing of ECM DTCs, refer to Section 303-14, Electronic Engine Control System, in the service manual.

DTC codes	Description	Possible reasons	Actions
P051216	Starter electrical circuit	Starter Switch Circuit Low Input Voltage	Refer to the electrical manual and check the starter circuit. Repair/replace as necessary.
P051217	Starter electrical circuit	Starter Switch Circuit High Input Voltage	Refer to the electrical manual and check the starter circuit. Repair/replace as necessary.
P051300	Incorrect key for immobilizer	Invalid security system key	Program the keys using the approved diagnostic system. Research and perform the necessary actions on all codes stored in the memory of other CAN modules. Clear the codes and retest.
P061600	Low voltage in the electrical circuit of the starter relay	Starter Relay Excitation Circuit Short to Ground Starter Relay Exciter Circuit High Resistance Starter relay failure	Check the operation of the starter relay. Refer to the electrical manual and check the electrical circuit of the starter relay. Repair / replace as necessary.
P061700	High voltage in the electrical circuit of the starter relay	Starter relay excitation electrical circuit: short circuit of electrical circuit to + battery Starter relay failure	Check the operation of the starter relay. Refer to the electrical manual and check the electrical circuit of the starter relay. Repair / replace as necessary.
P063305	Immobilizer key not programmed -ECM/PCM	Failed to transfer target identifier for security system	Program the key using an approved diagnostic system.
P063355	Immobilizer key not programmed -ECM/PCM	Security System: No target value in EMS	Program the module using an approved diagnostic system.
B1C5024	Starter switch	Starter position in ignition switch: short circuit Ignition switch malfunction	Refer to the electrical manual and check the ignition switch electrical circuit. Check the operation of the switch and replace it if necessary.