- EGR modulator (exhaust gas recirculation systems) x 2
- EGR cooler (exhaust gas recirculation systems) x 2
- Corresponding connecting tubes

EGR modulator and cooler (exhaust gas recirculation systems) are combined into one block.
Combined EGR cooler and modulator (exhaust gas recirculation systems) for each cylinder bank are located between the exhaust manifold and the cylinder head. EGR system (exhaust gas recirculation systems) from the cooler side, it is connected to the vehicle's cooling system via hoses. The inlet part of the module is connected directly to its exhaust manifold. Exhaust gases pass through the cooler and are then fed into the throttle body via the drive and metal pipe. EGR modulator (exhaust gas recirculation systems) is a solenoid valve that is controlled by the ECM (engine control unit). ECM (engine control unit) uses an EGR modulator (exhaust gas recirculation systems) to control the amount of exhaust gas that is recirculated to reduce exhaust gas toxicity and combustion noise. EGR (exhaust gas recirculation systems) turns on when the engine is at normal operating temperature and moving at a constant speed.
In the EGR modulator (exhaust gas recirculation systems) 12V supply voltage is received from the ECM (engine control unit). The modulator is controlled using PWM. (pulse width modulation) -signal. PWM (pulse width modulation) - the signal is generated by disconnecting/connecting the mass of the electromagnetic valve and sets the exact amount of exhaust gases supplied to the cylinders.
Each time the engine is turned off, the modulators perform a full duty cycle to remove soot and carbon deposits that may accumulate during engine operation.
In case of EGR modulator malfunction (exhaust gas recirculation systems) eGR function (exhaust gas recirculation systems) becomes inoperative. ECM (engine control unit) can control the EGR modulator solenoid valve (exhaust gas recirculation systems) for short circuits and store fault codes in the event of a fault. The modulator can also be activated for testing using the Land Rover approved diagnostic system.
The original article can be found here: lrman.ru
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